For instance, I asked ChatGPT about ChatGPT4 and it was not able to provide an answer (see screenshot). Unless you have been hibernating in a remote cave, you must have heard and probably have already used ChatGPT3. This is the chatbot attributed with releasing the AI genie out of the bottle. ChatGPT, by Open AI, went online in November 2022 and took the internet by storm. We in the education sector are still scrambling to grasp how to effectively use it in teaching and learning.
The chatbot can provide specified topics to students through standard text messaging or multimedia such as images, videos, audios, and document files. Lastly, if you’re a school administrator, you might need to deal with concerns from teachers on chatbots for education. Because of the power of AI tech, many people (in many industries) are afraid they might be replaced. And, especially when access to schools is limited (like in the case of the COVID-19 pandemic or another natural disaster), interacting with a chatbot may be a better way of learning for students than just having to read textbooks alone. Students, especially at certain times of the year such as beginning and end of semesters, have lots of questions about their lesson plans, classes, schedules, and school guidelines.
In addition, some researchers are concerned about the spread of misinformation from the text produced by chatbots (Hsu & Thompson, 2023, February 8). ChatGPT is widely considered to be the highest quality chatbot currently available and is only accurate approximately 60% of the time when tested with OpenAI’s internal testing and TruthfulQA’s external benchmarking (OpenAI, 2023a). Chatbot use in education can provide benefits to both the student and the teacher. Chatbots have been shown to be capable of providing students with immediate feedback, quick access to information, increasing engagement and interest, and creating course material individualized to the learner. The release of Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) (OpenAI, 2023a) in November 2022 sparked the rise of the rapid development of chatbots utilizing artificial intelligence (AI). Chatbots are software applications with the ability to respond to human prompting (Cunningham-Nelson et al., 2019).
Artificial intelligence is the ideal solution to offer flexible training adapted to the needs of everyone. Users are free to search for the information they need whenever they want and in a simple way. They get informed, they look around your website but are still left with some doubts, and since they are looking for instant answers, they don’t commit to filling out a form. Ultimately, they know they will get a phone call later, and not all of them are ready for a phone conversation. As you may have noticed, competition has been increasing over the past few years between training courses in digital marketing, design, programming, and so on.
Other authors, such as (Daud et al., 2020), used a slightly different approach where the chatbot guides the learners to select the topic they would like to learn. Subsequently, the assessment of specific topics is presented where the user is expected to fill out values, and the chatbot responds with feedback. The level of the assessment becomes more challenging as the student makes progress. A slightly different interaction is explained in (Winkler et al., 2020), where the chatbot challenges the students with a question. If they answer incorrectly, they are explained why the answer is incorrect and then get asked a scaffolding question.
Chatbots can also be used to evaluate tests and quizzes in place of professors and provide them with analysis per student, based on these results. Fryer and Carpenter did an experiment where 211 students were asked to chat with ALICE and Jabberwocky chatbots. In fact, 85% of them admitted to having felt more comfortable and relaxed conversing with the bots over a student partner or teacher as in classical teaching. Educational chatbots can help you know more about the needs of your students through personal interactions and offer them the courses accordingly.
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